The bishop should try to “discern quickly” the authenticity of an
apparition, although his judgment could be impeded by “critical
scientific investigation”, the Vatican
said.
A revelation would be dismissed if there was evidence that the person who had
witnessed it was mentally unsound, whether the vision was the product of “collective
hysteria” or if there was a suspicion that the whole thing was a fraud
concocted for profit.
If the bishop cannot make a decision, the judgment can ultimately be referred
to the Pope himself.
The Vatican decided to make the guidelines public, and to translate them into
five languages, including English, because elements had leaked out into the
public domain over the years.
They have been published by the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith
(CDF), the powerful Vatican department which was headed by Benedict before
he was elected Pope in 2005.
The Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith is currently investigating
claims that a group of six Catholic children began to see apparitions of the
Virgin Mary in the town of Medjugorje in Bosnia-Herzegovina, starting in
1981.
The apparition claims have been judged groundless by a local bishop, but that
has not stopped an estimated 30 million believers from visiting the
pilgrimage site.
Lourdes, in the foothills of the Pyrenees, became a shrine after apparitions
of the Virgin Mary were witnessed by a shepherd girl, Bernadette Soubirous,
in 1858.
The publication of the guidelines may provide temporary distraction from one
of the worst crises of Benedict XVI’s seven-year papacy – the leaking of
confidential documents and the arrest of his personal butler, amid claims of
vicious faction fighting within the Holy See.
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