Trial Set to See if Drug Can Prevent Alzheimer’s

TUESDAY, May 15 (HealthDay News) — Researchers are preparing to
test an experimental drug in people genetically primed to develop
Alzheimer’s disease.

The best-scenario hope is that the drug will lead to a way of
preventing the progressive brain-wasting disease, and to a better
understanding of its destructive processes, U.S. officials announced
Tuesday.

The study volunteers will include some Americans as well as 300 members
of an extended Colombian family — some only 30 years old — thought to
have more relatives with Alzheimer’s than any family in the world, The
New York Times
reported.

None of the study participants will have any signs of dementia at the
start of the five-year, $100 million study. Dr. Francis Collins, director
of the U.S. National Institutes of Health, said this study is “the first
to focus on people who are cognitively normal but at very high risk for
Alzheimer’s disease,” according to the Times.

People with a certain genetic mutation are predestined to develop
early-onset Alzheimer’s. For this group, dementia typically sets in by
about age 50, and signs of thinking and memory problems are evident by age
45.

It’s hoped that the study will reveal clues to the development and
treatment of Alzheimer’s — the leading cause of dementia — in other
people as well, not just those with what doctors call early-onset
Alzheimer’s.

The trial is designed to test the widely held theory that Alzheimer’s
is caused by a buildup in the brain of a protein called beta amyloid. The
experimental drug — crenezumab, which is made by Genentech of South San
Francisco — is designed to attack the formation of beta amyloid
plaque.

Currently, there is no cure for Alzheimer’s, which affects 5.4 million
Americans, or one in eight older adults. And as the baby boom generation
ages, those numbers are expected to balloon, creating a major public
health crisis in the United States.

Experts on Alzheimer’s disease welcomed the announcement of the drug
trial.

“This strategy is our best chance of success at Alzheimer’s disease,”
said Dr. Sam Gandy, associate director of the Alzheimer’s Disease Research
Center at Mount Sinai School of Medicine and director of Mount Sinai’s
Center for Cognitive Health, in New York City.

“The main challenges are how to identify who is on their way to
[Alzheimer’s disease], how early we need to begin prior to symptoms, and
how long we will have to run the trial before we can see whether the drug
delays onset,” added Gandy, chairman emeritus of the Alzheimer’s
Association’s National Medical and Scientific Advisory Council.

More information

For more about Alzheimer’s disease, visit the Alzheimer’s Association.

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