Tornadoes Don’t Have to Be Deadly, Experts Say

THURSDAY, July 19 (HealthDay News) — More “safe rooms” to flee
to, listening for weather alerts and better planning, especially for
seniors, could reduce the death toll from devastating tornadoes, a new
U.S.government report finds.

“People who work or live in tornado-prone areas should develop a
tornado safety plan before severe weather strikes,” said Federico
Feldstein, a spokesman for the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention (CDC), which conducted the new study.

The report focused on the aftermath of a deadly cluster of tornadoes
that struck the southeastern United States last year between April 25 and
28, claiming 338 lives — the third-deadliest tornado disaster in U.S.
history.

The CDC researchers found that certain patterns emerged from the
wreckage. They noted that 40 percent of bodies were recovered outdoors
near the impact area, about half of the fatalities occurred in
single-family homes, and those living in mobile homes were at especially
high risk.

All of this emphasizes the importance of getting quickly to a “safe
room,” the CDC authors said, if one exists nearby.

According to the report, “federal and state assessments conducted after
this disaster found a general inadequacy of available storm shelters in
the impacted areas,” which included locales in Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia,
Mississippi and Tennessee — states long prone to tornadoes.

The CDC defines a safe room as “either an underground shelter, such as
the interior part of a basement, or a specific tornado-safe room that is a
hardened (e.g., concrete) above-ground structure specifically designed to
meet Federal Emergency Management Association (FEMA) criteria for
providing ‘near-absolute protection’ in extremely powerful weather
events.”

Helmets might also be useful, because head trauma was a leading factor
in many of the tornado deaths. While there’s no solid evidence that
wearing a helmet can protect tornado victims from head trauma, having one
close by is advised. However, “choosing to use helmets to protect the
head should not be considered an alternative to seeking appropriate
shelter,” the CDC researchers said.

The CDC team noted that the April 2011 deaths occurred despite the
presence of tornado warning systems and intense media attention. Not
surprisingly, nighttime tornadoes were deadlier than those in the daytime,
but the experts urge people in storm-prone areas to stay “informed of
storm watches and warnings” at all times “by using a weather band radio or
other means.”

Older people are especially vulnerable, with almost one-third of the
dead from last April’s storms being age 65 or older. For this reason,
“emergency planning for vulnerable older adults is important,” the CDC
said, and should include items such as plans for finding shelter and
properly preparing caregivers.

Agency experts say that because tornadoes can be both unpredictable and
deadly, “increased awareness of the need to prepare for the worst-case
scenario by pre-identifying and sheltering in an adequate tornado-safe
room . . . remain critical to saving lives.”

The findings are published in the July 20 issue of the CDC’s journal,
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.

More information

Find out more about “safe rooms” at FEMA.

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