The Assads’ increasing reliance on loyalists from their own Alawite minority
meant Sunni officers had fled, were under house arrest or at best
marginalised and distrusted.
“The army will collapse during February,” he said. “The reasons
are the shortage of Syrian army personnel, which even before March 15 last
year did not exceed 65 per cent. The proportion of equipment that was combat
ready did not exceed that, due to a shortage of spare parts.
“The Syrian army combat readiness I would put at 40 per cent for hardware
and 32 per cent for personnel.
“They are sending in elements from the Shabiha (militia) and the Alawite
sect to compensate, but this army is unable to continue more than a month.
Some elements of the army are reaching out to the FSA to help them to defect.”
Gen Sheikh is not an impartial observer. He is negotiating with the Syrian
National Council and the FSA over his future role in the offensive against
President Assad. Even now, few analysts or diplomats would agree with his
view, believing that the regime, though weakened, has the resilience to
cling on to power for months, if not years.
“That the government’s days are numbered can no longer be in serious
doubt, but just how many it has left remains an open question,” Yezid
Sayigh, an analyst at the Carnegie Endowment, wrote this week . “The
regime cannot win, but it certainly can resist and prolong the conflict.”
Gen Sheikh said he had battled with his conscience before fleeing, mindful of
his 37 years’ service and of possible retribution against his extended
family. He said the final straw had been a sexual assault by soldiers who
took turns to attack a young bride at a village near the town of Hama. He
believes the army has become a ‘crazy killing machine’, and that without a
solution within a fortnight, “the whole region will flare up”.
“The region is strained to the limits because of the role of Iran,”
he said. “The Syrian regime has helped transform it into a base for
Iranian conspiracies.”
He said that some of the possible solutions – buffer zones, humanitarian
corridors – were no longer relevant, even in the unlikely event of United
Nations security council backing.
“There is no time,” he said. “There is a serious acceleration
under way due to the collapse of the army and the security system.
“We want very urgent intervention, outside of the security council due to
the Russian veto. We want a coalition similar to what happened in Kosovo and
the Ivory Coast.”
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