MONDAY, April 30 (HealthDay News) — Widely held wisdom that
pacifier use among newborns interferes with breast-feeding is wrong, a new
small study suggests.
Analyzing feeding data on nearly 2,250 infants born between June 2010
and August 2011, Oregon Health Science University researchers
learned that limiting use of pacifiers — also known as binkies, corks and
soothers — may actually increase babies’ consumption of formula during
the birth hospitalization.
“The overarching belief persists that pacifiers interfere with
breast-feeding, even though research hasn’t concretely showed they cause a
problem,” said study co-author Dr. Laura Kair, a resident in pediatrics at
the university’s Doernbecher Children’s Hospital. “We like to rely on our
best evidence as physicians, so when we see these results jibe better with
our own personal experience than evidence-based practice in our field, it
makes us take [note].”
Kair and co-author Dr. Carrie Phillipi, medical director of the
hospital’s mother-baby unit, are scheduled to present their findings
Monday at the Pediatric Academic Societies’ annual meeting in Boston.
Seeking to determine if eliminating routine pacifier distribution on
the hospital’s mother-baby unit would increase the rate of exclusive
breast-feeding, Kair and Phillipi learned that this rate actually dropped
significantly — from 79 percent to 68 percent — after pacifiers were
restricted.
Additionally, the proportion of breast-fed newborns receiving
supplemental formula rose from 18 percent before the policy change to 28
percent afterward, while the percentage of babies fed only formula
remained statistically unchanged.
To encourage exclusive breast-feeding, which benefits both mothers and
babies, the World Health Organization and the United Nations Children’s
Fund (UNICEF) recommend that hospitals caring for newborns follow their
“Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding” — one of which states that
pacifiers should not be provided to breast-feeding babies. Hospitals
hoping to achieve the status of “Baby-Friendly Hospitals” often follow
this recommendation, Phillipi said.
“Parents come to us looking for advice,” Phillipi said. “Our hope in
publicizing this study is to stimulate a conversation about the topic,
especially as many hospitals are thinking of removing pacifiers to become
Baby Friendly.”
Dr. Richard Schanler, chair of the American Academy of Pediatrics’
breast-feeding section, noted that the study did not offer information
about how newborns were comforted who did not receive pacifiers or how
hospital staff members were educated about this issue during the
research.
“You cannot draw conclusions to change health care practices from this
type of study,” said Schanler, also associate chairman of the department
of pediatrics at Cohen Children’s Medical Center of New York, in New Hyde
Park.
Phillipi acknowledged that the study’s results are difficult to apply
to individual cases, but “we’re really hoping to bring this conversation
to a different level . . . so we’re able to give parents the best evidence
possible. Our overall goal is to improve breast-feeding rates . . . we
know it’s the best nutrition for babies.”
Research presented at scientific meetings is considered preliminary
because it hasn’t yet been peer-reviewed or published in a medical
journal.
More information
The U.S. Office on Women’s Health has more about breast-feeding.
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