MRI Scans Show Brain Changes in Kids With Schizophrenia

WEDNESDAY, Jan. 4 (HealthDay News) — Children who are diagnosed
with schizophrenia or a number of other psychoses go on to experience a
progressively greater than normal loss of gray matter in the frontal lobe
region of the brain, new research suggests.

These adolescents also experience an above-average spike in the amount
of so-called “cerebrospinal fluid” found in the same location, according
to a report published in the January issue of the Archives of General
Psychiatry
.

In turn, children who experience these brain developments appear to
face an increased risk for longer hospitalization, more severe illness and
a poorer overall prognosis, the authors of the study noted.

“We found progression of gray matter volume loss after a two-year
follow-up in patients who ended up with a diagnosis of schizophrenia, but
not bipolar disease, compared with healthy controls,” Dr. Celso Arango, of
the Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Maranon in Madrid, Spain, and
colleagues said in a journal news release.

“Some of these pathophysiologic processes seem to be markers of poorer
prognosis,” the researchers added.

The findings stem from an analysis of brain changes detected using MRI
scans taken over a two-year period among 61 patients who had been
diagnosed with a range of different psychoses at one of six child and
adolescent psychiatric facilities in Spain.

In all, brain changes among 25 children diagnosed with schizophrenia,
16 with bipolar disorder and 20 with a number of other psychoses were
stacked up against the brain status of 70 healthy children.

The result: in addition to the principal findings, the team further
observed that total brain gray matter (as well as gray matter in the left
parietal region of the brain) were notably different among patients with
schizophrenia compared with their healthy peers.

“To develop therapeutic strategies to counteract these pathologic
progressive brain changes, future studies should focus on their
neurobiological underpinnings,” the study authors advised.

More information

For more on adolescent schizophrenia, visit the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.

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