Late Preemie Birth May Be Linked to Higher Asthma Risk

MONDAY, March 5 (HealthDay News) — Babies born just a few weeks
early appear to face a greater risk of developing asthma when compared
with children born at full term, new research reveals.

The observation applied to infants born between the 34th and 37th week
of pregnancy. One-quarter of such “late preterm” babies ended up with an
asthma diagnosis by the age of 8 years, despite no prior indications of
respiratory illness, the study team found. By contrast, just 15 percent of
babies delivered after 37 weeks were found to develop asthma.

“About 10 percent of our babies are born at this [preterm] gestational
age, and not much thought is given to their risk of asthma,” study
co-author Dr. Gretchen Matthews, a pediatrician and neonatologist at the
Mayo Clinic Children’s Center in Rochester, Minn., explained in a news
release from the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma Immunology
(AAAAI).

“What this shows us is that late preterm birth puts children at
additional risk for asthma, and so we should initiate diagnosis earlier
and maybe take preventive measures earlier,” Matthews added. “It wasn’t
appreciated that this (late preterm) population was different. We can have
a huge impact on asthma.”

Matthews and her colleagues are to report their findings Monday at the
annual meeting of the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma
Immunology, in Orlando, Fla.

The study authors noted that at least 5 million U.S. children are
estimated to have asthma, which is now the most common chronic pediatric
issue, and prevalence is on the rise.

Given that each year asthma attacks cause U.S. children to miss an
estimated 14 million days of school, the Mayo Clinic team said that
getting a better handle on factors related to improving early diagnosis
could ultimately boost childhood quality of life, while also helping to
hold down medical costs. The United States spends about $18 billion a year
to treat and manage asthma, according to the AAAAI.

“If we can identify those children that are getting this at an earlier
age, we can prevent missed days of school, missed parent workdays, perhaps
even prevent some hospitalizations or hospital visits,” said Matthews.

While the study uncovered an association between late preterm delivery
and asthma in childhood, it did not prove a cause-and-effect.

Data and conclusions of research presented at medical meetings should
be viewed as preliminary until published in a peer-reviewed journal.

More information

For more on childhood asthma, visit the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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