Merchants and pirates flocked to the new settlement and Port Royal soon became
a byword for excess. There was one tavern for every 10 residents and a
thriving prostitution trade.
The city became known as “the Sodom of the New World”, with contemporary
writer Charles Leslie noting in his history of Jamaica of the buccaneers:
“Wine and women drained their wealth to such a degree that… some of them
became reduced to beggary. They have been known to spend 2 or 3,000 pieces
of eight in one night and one gave a strumpet 500 to see her naked.”
However, in June 1692, an earthquake and tsunami decimated the coastline,
submerging two-thirds of the city and killing an estimated 2,000 people.
The port remained a key strategic British naval base, but the debauchery was
washed away with the tsunami. Fort Charles, where Lord Nelson was once
stationed, sank three and a half feet during the earthquake but remains
standing to this day.
Despite the village being littered with remnants of British military
installations, many of the historic colonial buildings are dilapidated.
The sunken, algae-covered remnants of the city are in murky waters in an
archaeological preserve closed to divers without a permit.
But in recent decades, underwater excavations have turned up artefacts
including cannonballs, wine glasses, ornate pipes, pewter plates and ceramic
plates dredged from the muck just offshore. The partial skeleton of a child
was found in 1998.
At a press conference on Tuesday, experts said it is among the top British
archaeological sites in the Western Hemisphere and should be protected for
future generations.
“There is outstanding potential here. Submerged towns like this just do not
exist anywhere else in the Americas,” said Robert Grenier, a Canadian
underwater archaeologist who has worked closely with Unesco.
Donny Hamilton, Texas AM University nautical archaeologist, said the
consulting team has completed the fieldwork for the world heritage
assessment and is working on a management plan.
Port Royal could become a sustainable attraction for tourists but first
“there’s got to be something above the ground that people are going to want
to come and see,” Mr Hamilton said.
Jamaican officials and businessmen have announced various strategies to
renovate the ramshackle town over the years, including plans for modern
cruise liners and a Disney-style theme park featuring actors dressed as
pirates.
Some area businessmen have grown exasperated with the slow pace of development.
“Somebody has to act with a certain measure of dispatch,” said Marvin D.
Goodman, an architect with offices in Kingston, across the bay from Port
Royal.
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