International ‘militarisation’ in Syria growing closer, warns US official

Any plan to supply aid or set up a buffer zone would involve a military
dimension to protect aid convoys or vulnerable civilians.

“The decision-makers have not determined we are at a point of no return,” the
senior official told The Daily Telegraph. “There is still a window, it is
just that that window is closing.

“I don’t know how much longer it is going to go on before people start looking
at what else is on the table, because nothing is off the table.

“We definitely don’t want to militarise the situation. If it’s avoidable we
are going to avoid it. But increasingly it looks like it may not be
avoidable,” he said.

“There is always hope that this can be solved without it turning into a
full-scale civil war and without the use of force, but it really involves
Bashar al-Assad receiving the wake-up call.” Any outside military
involvement in Syria has been regarded as more difficult and more risky than
the mission in Libya.

It has a complex geography and ethnic mix and is the linchpin of a volatile
region. But since the Russian veto at the UN, there is no doubting an extra
urgency in the attitude of concerned governments and agencies.

Navi Pillay, the United Nation’s High Commissioner for Human Rights, called
for swift action to safeguard Syrians targeted by the security forces.

She stressed the “extreme urgency for the international community to cut
through the politics and take effective action to protect the Syrian
population”.

An estimated 6,000 people have died since the start of the upheaval that began
with protests in March 2011 amid the Arab Spring.

Turkey’s foreign minister, Ahmet Davutoglu, proposed holding a conference “as
soon as possible” to “promote international understanding with all countries
concerned”. He is due to hold further talks in Washington soon with Hillary
Clinton, the US Secretary of State.

Ünal Cevikoz, the Turkish ambassador to Britain, said delivering humanitarian
aid could be discussed at the proposed conference, but like the Western
powers, he said his country remained against military options, including
arming the Free Syrian Army.

He denied reports that discussions on military options between the US and
Turkey were already under way.

“Humanitarian aid may become necessary. There is growing scarcity of food that
may lead to famine. It is a serious crime not only to kill but to create the
conditions of exterminating a city and its people,” he added, referring to
the city of Homs, which Mr Assad’s forces have bombarded for five days.

The Turkish initiative would run parallel, he said, to the “Friends of Syria”,
but it would aim to bring together a broader range of nations.

“Today we are at a very critical juncture and the international community has
to take the initiative and has to move forward with strong messages to the
Syrian regime,” said Mr Cevikoz.

Turkey, which has a 560-mile border with Syria, has been at the forefront of
international criticism against Damascus and has become a haven for
opposition activists. After 11 rounds of sanctions against Syria, the
European Union is also discussing further sanctions, including freezing the
assets of Syria’s central bank, banning the importation of Syrian phosphates
and suspending trade in gold and other gems.

“We’re trying to make things change,” said a senior EU official. “We’re facing
a wall, and we have to find a way of climbing over that wall and moving
ahead.”

The opposition to Mr Assad has been calling for a humanitarian corridor or
buffer zone or a Friends of Syria group for months. The Syrian National
Council, the principal opposition body, endorsed military intervention in
December.

The Arab League has shown unprecedented initiative in drawing up a plan for
democratic transition in Syria. Qatar, the current president of the
22-nation group, is rumoured to be secretly supplying rebels as it did in
Libya.

Radwan Ziadeh, a member of the SNC executive, said the US had to take a more
prominent role. “Everyone is waiting for signals from Washington,” he said.

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