Implanted Microchip Might Be Future of Drug Delivery

THURSDAY, Feb. 16 (HealthDay News) — Remote controls may not be
for just appliances anymore. In a new small study, women with severe
osteoporosis were implanted with a microchip that releases bone-building
drugs at the push of a button, a delivery method that could someday become
common for various health conditions.

Roughly 1.5-by-2.5 inches in size, the microchip significantly improved
patient compliance with a drug regimen that normally requires painful
daily self-injections, study authors said. The clinical trial, conducted
on seven osteoporosis patients in Denmark, was the first to test a
wirelessly controlled microchip in this capacity.

“It frees patients from the burden of managing their disease on a daily
basis,” said Robert Farra, co-author of the study and president and chief
operating officer of MicroCHIPS Inc., the Waltham, Mass., company that
funded and supervised the trial. “I think there will be a class of drugs
[for other conditions] that will be very suitable to use the chip for . .
we were very pleased with the results.”

The study is published Feb. 16 in the journal Science Translational
Medicine
, coinciding with its presentation at the American Association
for the Advancement of Science annual meeting in Vancouver, Canada.

Along with researchers from MIT, Harvard Medical School and other
companies and institutions, Farra implanted the microchip just under the
skin near the waistline of the seven women, who ranged from ages 65 to 70
and had been using pre-filled injection pens containing teriparatide
(brand name Forteo) for their severe osteoporosis, a bone-thinning
disease.

Although a fibrous membrane grew around the device, which was expected,
the microchip delivered the drug as effectively as daily injections, the
study said. Blood tests done after the 12-month study period indicated
rates of bone formation similar to when the women self-injected the
drug.

Because daily injections can be psychologically and physically
challenging, Farra said, only 25 percent of patients on teriparatide
actually finish a typical 24-month regimen. But with the implant — which
delivered 20 timed doses controlled by doctors — the compliance rate rose
to 100 percent.

About 50,000 Americans take the drug each year at a cost of $10,000 to
$12,000, which would be comparable to the cost of the microchip and the
minor surgery to embed it, he said. The microchip can be implanted under
local anesthesia in a doctor’s office.

“It not only should offer a better quality of life, we should see
improved outcomes because of the compliance boost,” Farra said, adding
that his company is developing a model that will deliver a year’s worth of
doses. He said he hopes it is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug
Administration and on the market within four years.

Dr. Robert Recker, director of the Osteoporosis Research Center at
Creighton University in Omaha, Neb., said he was skeptical that the
microchip could keep the Forteo stable at body temperature since the drug
is normally refrigerated when contained in injection pens.

However, Farra said that researchers had modified the drug to make this
possible, an effort made easier because each dose was also sealed in tiny
air- and moisture-proof compartments in the microchip.

The reservoirs pop open on a pre-programmed schedule or via a wireless
signal, which can be sent from a doctor’s computer or smartphone, Farra
said.

“I do not see how this can be done with [a] reservoir, either above or
below the skin surface,” Recker said. “I think the claim must be
corroborated with more studies. They must explain how they preserve the
drug at body temperature.”

More information

The University of New Hampshire has more about human
microchip implantation
.

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