Humans Might Be Hard-Wired to ‘Love Thy Neighbor’

MONDAY, July 30 (HealthDay News) — The amount of physical space
between people may influence how they react to each other in certain
situations, new research suggests.

British psychologists from the University of Lincoln argue that people
may actually be hard-wired to “love thy neighbor.”

In conducting the study, the researchers analyzed the behavior of
contestants in first-round episodes of the BBC quiz show, “The Weakest
Link.”

“In the show contestants must make a choice about who is the worst
player based on two very different sources of information,” study leader
Paul Goddard, senior lecturer in the School of Psychology, explained in a
Lincoln news release. “The primary and most reliable source comes from the
game itself. If one player gets all their questions wrong, it’s a fairly
straightforward decision to vote them off. The quandary for contestants
arises when there is no clear consensus about who is the worst player,
such as in rounds where several players get just one question wrong. In
these circumstances, contestants have to rely on a secondary source of
information — their own judgment. This is where bias can really come to
the fore.”

The researchers calculated the probability of votes and compared these
projections to what actually happened. The study found contestants showed
a strong reluctance to vote for the person standing next to them. The
researchers dubbed this pattern, ‘the neighbor avoidance effect.’ They
noted this bias was stronger when the group of contestants didn’t agree on
which players was the weakest.

When forced to make decisions, the study revealed people were less
likely to vote off the people next to them and target other contestants
who were standing farther away.

The researchers said their observations drew parallels from a
controversial social psychology experiment conducted in the 1960s. In this
experiment, Yale psychologist Stanley Milgram found people were more
likely to punish people with an electric shock if they were in another
room. If people were located in the same room however, they were more
reluctant to administer this punishment.

Aside from the distance between players, the researchers found evidence
of a gender bias in voting patterns as well. Men and women, they found,
were more likely to vote off a woman than a man.

The study was presented recently at the 2012 Society for the
Advancement of Behavioral Economics Conference in Granada, Spain. Data and
conclusions should be viewed as preliminary until published in a
peer-reviewed journal

More information

The U.S. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke
provides more information on the human brain and how it works.

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