HIV Prevention Pill Cost-Effective for High-Risk Men: Study

TUESDAY, April 17 (HealthDay News) — A once-a-day pill to
prevent HIV infection could significantly reduce the spread of the
AIDS-causing virus, but would only be cost-effective if limited to men at
very high risk for HIV infection, according to a new study.

Stanford University researchers created an economic model to analyze
the use of the combination drug tenofovir-emtricitabine (brand name
Truvada). A clinical trial found that the drug reduced a person’s risk of
HIV infection by an average of 44 percent when taken daily. In some
people, the drug reduced the risk by 73 percent.

But the drug is expensive — $26 a day, or $10,000 a year.

The economic model focused on men who have sex with men, a group that
accounts for more than of the 56,000 new HIV infections a year in the
United States, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention.

The researchers found that giving the pill to all U.S. men who have sex
with men would cost $495 billion over 20 years, compared to $85 billion if
the pill was given only to gay men at particularly high risk for HIV
infection — those who have five or more sexual partners in a year.

Without the use of the anti-HIV pill, there would be more than 490,000
new HIV infections among gay men in the United States over the next 20
years. If 20 percent of men who have sex with men took the pill daily,
there would be nearly 63,000 fewer infections over the next 20 years. If
20 percent of high-risk gay men took the pill, there would be 41,000 fewer
infections over 20 years, the researchers said.

The study is in the April 17 issue of Annals of Internal
Medicine
.

Giving the pill to high-risk gay men represents good value, according
to study first author Jessie Juusola, a Ph.D. candidate in management
science and engineering in the School of Engineering at Stanford
University.

“However, even though it provides good value, it is still very
expensive,” she said in a university news release. “In the current
health-care climate, (these) costs may become prohibitive, especially
given the other competing priorities for HIV resources, such as providing
treatment for infected individuals.”

Cost could be significantly reduced if the pill is found to be
effective when used intermittently rather than daily. Clinical trials are
under way to assess the drug’s effectiveness when it is used less often
than once a day.

More information

The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has more about HIV transmission.

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