Hay Festival 2012: Wadah Khanfar: Egyptian state became a "tool for dictators"

He told a packed audience at the Telegraph Hay Festival the second round of
presidential elections, was going to be between “those who push for change
and the state trying to defend itself.”

“Next week we are going to see who wins the confrontation,” he added.

The Egyptian state became a “tool for dictators” and if the Brotherhood
candidate loses it will be a “great setback” for the revolution, said Mr
Khanfar who now runs the Sharq Forum think tank.

He said the challenge for the young people who drove the revolution would then
be to become an official opposition without destabilising the country.

But he sought to reassure his audience that the brotherhood, an Islamist
organisation that has been the long time foe of the established regimes in
the Middle East, was not a danger to the West.

The Muslim Brotherhood is now a political party of “Muslim democrats” Mr
Khanfar said and if their candidate wins it would “send a message that 40
years of dictatorship has ended permanently.”

“It has become more political and Islamist and has demonstrated that it can be
pragmatic and make alliances with people who may not agree with them…But
they still have to learn how to deal with democracy and security,” he added.

The next stage of the changes in the Middle East, will put Iraq centre stage
rather than Syria, as they begin to exploit untapped oil wealth, he added.

“Iraq not Syria is the most important element of the Middle East,” he said,
explaining that the country’s dominance by politicians sympathetic to the
ruling regimes in Iran and Syria pitted them against the other Arab
countries.

But he also warned there were many challenges ahead on the road to democracy
in the Middle East, including whether free elections can be held in Yemen
and Jordan and whether the West will have the courage to arm Syrians
involved in the uprising.

Coupled with the economic crisis in Europe it meant the “whole world” was
changing in a direction which “cannot be predicted,” he added.

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