Fructose No Worse Than Other Sugars for Weight Gain: Study

MONDAY, Feb. 20 (HealthDay News) — The common food and beverage
sweetener fructose often gets a bad rap when it comes to causing weight
gain, but a new study suggests that it may not be any worse for putting on
pounds than other sugars.

The new study suggests that it’s the sheer number of daily calories
that drives weight gain, not their source.

Fructose is found naturally in fruits, while high-fructose corn syrup,
which contains about half fructose and half glucose, is ubiquitous in
sodas, sweets and other processed foods and beverages.

However, “fructose does not seem to cause weight gain when it is
substituted for other carbohydrates [which includes sugars] in diets
providing similar calories,” the study authors concluded.

The findings are published in the Feb. 21 issue of Annals of
Internal Medicine
.

In the new study, Canadian researchers led by Dr. John Sievenpiper of
McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario, reviewed 31 studies where
participants ate a similar number of calories but one group ate pure
fructose and the other ate no fructose.

They also analyzed data from another 10 other studies where one group
made no changes to their diet and the other group added excess calories
from fructose to their daily intake.

The bottom line? Pure fructose had no effect on weight compared to
diets that provided the same calories using other sugars, the team
found.

The new study was funded by the Canadian government’s Institutes of
Health Research. Some of the researchers did report financial ties to the
Coca-Cola company, which uses high-fructose corn syrup in some of its
products.

One expert nutritionist wasn’t surprised by the finding.

“The issue of weight is complex, it is not just ‘avoid this, eat that’
as some would like it to be,” said Connie Diekman, director of university
nutrition at Washington University in St Louis. “This study provides good
support to the fact that calories do count, while the source may not be as
significant as the calories.”

Still, there’s no one-size-fits-all explanation for weight gain,
either, Diekman said. “There are individual differences,” she said. “We
have yet to completely identify or understand these variations, so until
more research in humans clarifies what foods affect weight [and] in what
way, we need to be aware of the calories we consume and those that we
burn.”

Another expert agreed that fructose should not be singled out for blame
when it comes to weight gain.

“This study lends some further support to the view that weight gain is
not caused by any one particular component of the diet, and that fructose
found in fruits, vegetables and added sugars is safe at normal dietary
levels,” said cardiologist Dr. James Rippe, director of the Rippe
Lifestyle Institute in Celebration, Fla, and a sweetener metabolism
expert. Rippe is also a consultant for the Corn Refiners Association,
which represents makers of high-fructose corn syrup.

“Obesity,” Rippe said, “is the result of consuming too many calories
from all sources, without compensating exercise.”

More information

There’s more on fructose and other carbohydrates at the American Diabetes Association.

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