Elite female football players at risk

According to a new US report, engaging in competitive soccer increases women’s risk of developing the female athlete triad.

Female athlete triad is a condition composed of three separate issues: disordered eating, such as anorexia or bulimia, amenorrhea (irregular or absent menstrual periods), and decreased bone density.

The study led by Dr. Heidi Prather of Washington University School of Medicine included 220 elite female soccer athletes with an average age of 16.

Reportedly, about one in five of the studied soccer players reported having a delayed onset of menstruation, irregular menstrual cycles and menstrual irregularities or dysfunction.

In addition, 14 percent of the participants had a stress fracture, mostly foot and ankle in the past year, said the report presented at the 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons (AAOS).

“Girls who have menstrual dysfunction are at risk for long-term health problems,” Dr. Prather warned. “When you have menstrual dysfunction and you are not regularly having a period, your body is not receiving the appropriate estrogen load it should.”

Too little estrogen levels can also impact bone health and lead to osteoporosis, the bone-thinning disease, she added.

The good news about the studied athletes was that most of them scored in the normal range on a test of eating attitudes, which assesses risk of eating disorders.

The researchers recommended female athletes and their coaches to make sure that in the quest to achieve excellence in sports, they’re not compromising their long-term health.

SJM/TE

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