Mr Shafiq is facing Mohammed Morsi, the leader of the Freedom and Justice
Party (FJP), the Muslim Brotherhood’s political front. A victory for Mr
Morsi would have consolidated an Islamist stranglehold on the main organs of
civil power, and threatened not only the military’s political grip but its
many other privileges.
Essam al-Erian, a senior member of the Brotherhood’s leadership, said the
rulings represented the start of a “dark tunnel” for the country.
Abdul Moneim Aboul Fotouh, an independent and self-styled “moderate”
Islamist who came fourth in the first round of presidential elections, said
the country had been victim of a “coup”.
Wael Abbas, a secular activist and Egypt’s
best-known blogger, who was jailed under the regime of President Mubarak,
said the decision had taken the country back to square one. “We are
living in some kind of a farce,” he said.
He called for the activist groups who took part in last year’s Tahrir Square
protests, including the Brotherhood, to set up a revolutionary council to
challenge the military directly.
Mohammed el-Beltagy, a senior Muslim Brotherhood leader, also said the rulings
amounted to a “full-fledged coup.” “This is the Egypt that
Shafiq and the military council want and which I will not accept no matter
how dear the price is,” he said.
Mohammed Morsi, however, said he respected the rulings.”I respect the
decision of the Supreme Constitutional Court in that I respect the
institutions of the state and the principle of separation of powers,”
he said.
The FJP won just short of half the seats in December and January’s
parliamentary elections, with the harder line “Salafi” Islamists
of the Nour Party taking another 20 per cent.
Conspiracy theorists have long suggested that the generals who emerged with
interim power after the fall of their former boss Mubarak would not accept
the rise to power of the Brotherhood, which the old regime had spent so many
decades keeping from power.
The court decided that the “individual candidates” for whom a third
of parliamentary seats were reserved had to be independent of the political
parties who occupied the remaining two thirds under a proportional
representation system. Most of the individual candidates were aligned to
parties. Many political figures drew attention to the fact that the day
before the ruling, Scaf had granted powers of arrest of civilians to the
military police – civilians can already be tried in military courts. These
powers can now be used to counter protests against the rulings. Mr Aboul
Fotouh said: “Keeping the military candidate and overturning the
elected parliament after granting the military police the right to arrest is
a complete coup and whoever thinks that millions of youth will let it pass
is deluding themselves.”
In Egypt’s three-way war between the army, secular activists and Islamists,
the latest battle has been for control of the committee that will write a
new constitution. Attempts to form that committee will now also have to be
scrapped pending new parliamentary elections.
Mr Shafiq, who once described Mr Mubarak as his “role model”, was
clearly delighted as he addressed an election rally. “The message of
this historic verdict is that the era of political score settling has ended,”
he said.
Hillary Clinton, the US secretary of state, call for a full transfer of power
to elected civilians.
“There can be no going back on the democratic transition called for by the
Egyptian people,” Mrs Clinton said. “In keeping with the commitments that
the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces made to the Egyptian people, we
expect to see a full transfer of power to a democratically elected
government.”
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