Wars result in agonised deaths and appalling injuries for humans, animals and marine life. Many of these, as in Japan, Libya, Syria and Iraq suffer long after the egotistical ‘Mission Accomplished’ banner is raised. Uncertainty still surrounds the consequences of the allies dumping the munitions of World War Two in northern European seas. The practice continued up until the 1950s. It is estimated that munitions dumped in the Baltic Sea amounted to 40,000 tonnes.
This is guesswork as records were hit and miss; this figure could be higher. The Baltic Sea, the world’s largest inland brackish sea with 8,000 kilometres of coastline covering its 1,600 kilometre length was used to rid the allies of much of the war’s lethal inheritance. Much of the dumped munitions, approximately 13,000 tonnes, contain a deadly ticking time-bomb of highly toxic chemical substances. These have been primed by nature to corrode from 2020 and to then gradually leak their poisonous payload.
No one disputes the doomsday scenario threatening this priceless and unique sea of great antiquity. The Baltic Sea is one of the world’s essential sea passages and vital to many nations and livelihoods. Informed sources say that just 16 percent of these substances, if released, will be sufficient to destroy all ecological life in the Baltic Sea for up to 100 years. Inevitably there are conflicting opinions as to the level of threat posed as no one knows. This is a doomsday situation.
Scientist Jacek Beldowski employed at Poland’s Institute of Oceanology agrees with Russian scientist Aleksander Korotenko. From 2020 corrosion will progress to allow leakage. Jacek Beldowski believes that decomposition shall drip-drip progressively.
The depositing of these lethal substances took place between the Swedish island of Gotland, and near to the island of Bornholm. In his view the substances, which include mustard gas, chloropicrin, phosgene, diphosgene and arsenic, will oxidize in stages depending on the oxygen in the water where they are resting. Another factor is the type of containers used for this toxic waste. Reducing the risk by a margin is the poisonous nature of these armaments being diluted by exposure to sea water. The main problem is related to uncertainty as to timing and consequence. There is consensus on the threat’s time-bomb element. Jacek Beldowski says, “The only thing certain is, that in the coming years there will be a new form of pollution affecting the Baltic Sea.”
Larger quantities of chemical and other weaponry were dumped in other European seas. The North Sea was often used. Many of the vessels taking cargoes to their last resting place had incomplete manifestos. In the immediate years following the war there was little time or inclination to investigate each cargo’s deadly nature. Although the Baltic and North Seas are connected the two are widely different in their natural make-up. The North Sea is less saline and is natural home to very strong tides and currents. The absence of these factors is a major contributory factor relating to corrosion and shifting locations.
The injurious outcome of these war chemicals has already been felt in Poland. During the 1950s, people using the Polish and German Democratic Republic (GDR) beaches, suffered burns by mustard gas. The last recorded case occurred in 1997 when unwitting fishermen found their catch included a significant jelly-like mass of mustard gas.
Explosives too pose a threat in the potential damage done to pipelines, and communication networks. Because of the findings of such mineral exploratory projects as the Northstream development we are now better informed of unfolding hazards.
According to a working agreement between North Sea countries (OSPAR) there are 31 locations in the North Sea and approaches to the Atlantic Ocean where abandoned weapons of various types are in advanced stages of corrosion. There are many more dumping locations elsewhere. The accepted analysis accepts that there are 120 dumping grounds, half of which are located off the French and Belgian coasts. There are more dumps in the Mediterranean. In total 1.5 million tonnes of ammunition was jettisoned by the Allies.
In the Skagerrak, the straits between Denmark and Norway, the allies are known to have sunk 45 ships with their cargoes of chemical weapons. Between Scotland and the Republic of Ireland a million tonnes were dumped. Much of the threat, explosive and chemical, is out of sight but not necessarily out of mind. Much of the detritus is covered by thick layers of sediment caused by natural tidal flow and current. The Baltic Sea is less favoured in this respect. This North Sea and Atlantic advantage denies the toxic waste access to oxygen necessary to cause corrosion.
Because the Baltic Sea is a glacially scoured valley rather than a result of a collision of plates, this sea is shallow. The average depth is just 55 metres; it is not deep enough to submerge many of the buildings on coastlines facing it. About 85 million people live in the Baltic Sea regions.
Source Article from http://renegadetribune.com/chemical-weapons-dont-recognize-armistice/
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